The Land of Green Plums

The Land of Green Plums (1994) is the third novel by Nobel laureate German writer Herta Müller. Probably Müller’s best-known work, the story is centered on four young people living in a totalitarian police state in Communist Romania. The narrator-protagonist is a young woman who remains unidentified throughout the novel. She belongs to the ethnic German minority living in Romania. Müller dedicated the novel to the memory of her Romanian friends killed under the CeauÅŸescu regime.

Translated into English in 1996 by Michael Hofmann, the book illustrates how dissidents from the Germany minority in Romania were doubly persecuted under the regime of Nicolae CeauÅŸescu, a communist dictator who repressed his people for twenty-four years. He and his wife were executed on Christmas Day in 1989.

Lola is a poor girl from the provinces who goes to a women’s university in Romania to study Russian. She shares a college dormitory with five other girls, including the narrator. Lola and her roommates fantasize about owning stockings, attesting to the fact that they are, indeed, very poor. The girls must, instead, make do with what they have by pooling their meager resources.



Lola records her experiences in a diary, expressing her desire to escape from the totalitarian world of school and Romanian society. She rides the buses at night and has brutish, anonymous sex with strangers, men returning home from their factory jobs. She also has an affair with her gym teacher. After a series of bad experiences and a general struggle to adapt to life in the city, Lola hangs herself, leaving her diary in the narrator’s suitcase.

After Lola is found dead, hanging in a closet, she is expelled from the Community Party. In committing suicide, Lola betrayed her country and her party; a ceremony is held at her school denouncing her behavior. However, the narrator refuses to believe that Lola has actually killed herself. After she becomes the subject of political suspicions, she leaves the university, eventually immigrating to Germany to escape the regime and its oppression.

She shares Lola’s diary with three friends, Edgar, Georg, and Kurt. In reading it, they find for themselves an escape from their everyday lives at college, engaging in mildly subversive activities. The boys possess some banned German books, hum banned songs, and take photographs of blacked out buses carrying prisoners from the prison to the construction sites.



All four are from German-speaking communities, and regularly receive letters from their mothers complaining about their various illnesses and how their children’s misbehavior and refusal to obey the rules of the regime is getting them into trouble. All of their fathers were members of the Nazi SS in Romania during World War II.

The boys stash the diary, along with other documents, including photographs and books, in the well of a deserted house in town. It soon becomes obvious that an officer of the Securitate, Captain Pjele, is interested in the four young men, and they are soon subject to his regular interrogations. All of their possessions are searched, their mail is examined, and they are threatened by the captain and his dog.

After they graduate, the four go their separate ways, but they stay in contact through letters and regular visits. All of their letters are read by the Securitate. They end up working menial jobs, Kurt as a supervisor in a slaughterhouse, and the narrator in a factory translating German manuals. A fifth member joins the group, Tereza. She befriends the narrator even as it becomes obvious that she is acting partly on Pjele’s orders.



As the novel progresses, the lives of all five characters become increasingly miserable, as each of them succumbs to growing pressures to conform to the regime, even as they lose their jobs supposedly for political reasons. They know the only way to live the lives they want is to flee the country, and they talk about escaping together.

Georg is the first to get out. He makes it to Germany, but a few weeks after he arrives, he is found dead after falling out of a window in a Frankfurt hotel. The narrator and Edgar also manage to obtain passports and go to Germany, but even after they think they have escaped the regime, they continue to receive death threats. Kurt stays in Romania, no longer working as he has been stripped of his position due to his supposed subversive activities. He is later found hanged.

The novel ends without much of a resolution, leaving the reader feeling the same dread and hopelessness as Müller’s characters.