The Bright Forever

Lee Martin’s novel The Bright Forever (2006) earned him a Pulitzer Prize for fiction. It is the story of the abduction and murder of a nine-year-old girl in a small town in Indiana in the 1970s. Although it seems to fit in the same category as other popular titles such as The Lovely Bones, Debra Spar from the SF Gate says, “Its focus is less the emotional consequences of the crime (though that topic is explored) than the town and its secrets.” Lee uses alternating viewpoints as a technique to unravel these secrets.

On a long summer day at the beginning of June, Katie Mackey goes missing. Everyone in town remembers the day she disappeared quite vividly. Katie’s older brother, Gilley, was upset with Katie on that day. She had come inside after playing on the porch with her best friend, Renee. They had been playing a game called “It’s Gotta Go,” in which they picked between two desirable things – like ice cream or candy – and decided which one they would rather live without.

The girls get into an argument; Katie comes inside and accidentally scratches one of Gilley’s records. Feeling annoyed with Katie, he tattles to their overbearing father that Katie has a few overdue library books. Katie’s father scolds her, and Katie, not wanting further trouble, hops on her bike to go to the library. This is the last time her family ever sees her.



What happened to Katie is revealed through the viewpoints of other characters who tell their stories surrounding her disappearance. On the day she disappears, Katie receives tutoring from her long-time teacher, Henry Dees. Dees is quite disturbed by Katie’s disappearance and admits that he has never fully told the story until now. At 10 p.m. on the night Katie disappears, an officer comes to his door to question him. He says he is there because Dees was with Katie earlier that day in a tutoring session.

Although he doesn’t reveal it to the officer, Dees has strong feelings for Katie. Not having any children of his own, he admits to feeling a “fatherly” affection for her; among his more inappropriate acts, he kissed her on the cheek during one of their sessions. It is not apparent whether Dees is a pedophile, but his actions insinuate an unhealthy obsession with children.

Among other suspicious characters in town is a relative newcomer, Raymond Royal Wright, or Raymond R. Raymond married Clare, the town widow, after seducing her at a bar. Clare, who is ten years older than Raymond, admits she married him in part out of loneliness. Raymond has a reputation in town for being a drunken thief, liar, and drug user. Clare and Raymond have a strange relationship of which most people in town do not approve. Clare does not usually defend Raymond’s actions; she turns a blind eye to them, seeing only what she wants to see.



The more the story unravels, it seems everyone in town is keeping a secret. The members of Katie’s family, though wealthy and respected in town, have secrets of their own. Katie’s parents feel their guilt very strongly from choosing to have an abortion when they were eighteen. They wonder if Katie’s kidnap is penance for their actions. Katie’s brother, Gilley, also lives with guilt after Katie’s abduction, blaming it partly on himself for being angry with her on that day.

Mr. Dees and Raymond have a secret friendship that becomes more sinister when its inner workings are deconstructed. Raymond and Dees became “friends” when Raymond built Dees a birdhouse to complement his avid bird watching hobby. However, when he presented the birdhouse to Dees, he charged him for it. Their friendship continues despite the power imbalance, and Raymond manages to whittle information out of Dees that no one else can. Through persistence, he learns of Dees’s feelings for Katie. Instead of offering advice or solace to Mr. Dees, Raymond blackmails him with this new information.

The friendship between Raymond and Dees ultimately leads to Katie’s death. On the night she disappears, she makes it to the library to return the books but gets a flat tire on the way back. Raymond, seeing an opportunity, offers to give her a ride home. Young Katie trusts that he will take her home, but Raymond, instead, decides to murder her. His reasoning for the murder is to help Mr. Dees, whose uncontrollable affection for Katie is causing him great distress. Although the police catch Raymond, he denies the murder, saying he doesn’t remember if he did it.



Martin weaves a haunting hymn through the novel called “The Bright Forever,” which is also the novel’s namesake. The song’s haunting lyrics reveal the underlying darkness in the town’s peaceful and innocent façade: “On the banks beyond the river / We shall meet, no more to sever; / In the bright, the bright forever, / In the summer land of song.” Martin’s ultimate achievement is highlighting the archetypes of allegedly innocent and naïve people in small-town America while at the same time undoing each of these preconceived stereotypes.