Exposure

Exposure is a 2016 spy novel by British author Helen Dunmore. The book is Dunmore’s fourteenth novel. Her extensive and decorated bibliography also includes many short stories, poetry collections, and young adult and children’s books. Set during the Cold War in 1960 London, Exposure concerns the Callington family, led by Simon and Lily, whose lives and secrets are turned upside down after they’re accidentally embroiled in an espionage plot.

At first glance, the Callingtons are an average middle-class family. The patriarch, Simon, is a mild-mannered civil servant and Cambridge graduate working in the Admiralty. His wife, Lily, teaches modern languages at a local school. They drink cider at night and enjoy the creature comforts of a modest new sofa. But both husband and wife have secrets. After his boss falls ill, Simon’s superior asks him to return a top-secret file to the office, but the file should have never left the headquarters. As a result, Simon becomes embroiled in a blackmail plot regarding one of the era’s biggest taboos: homosexuality.

Meanwhile, Lily is actually named Lili. She was a Jew who escaped Germany and adopted a new identity in England. But Lily’s past still haunts her. Every time she hears a train, she is reminded of the trains that could have easily shipped her off to a concentration camp. Despite these salacious secrets, the book moves at a slow, domestic pace, focusing on the lives of Simon and Lily and their children.



The fear Lily feels every day is so palpable that she has to repeatedly remind herself: “You are standing on your own patch of earth. Your name is Lily Callington. You are in England now.” Even so, she suffers paranoia at every turn. She hears rumors about the Portland Spy Ring. She worries she will be suspected of being a Nazi, even though she’s a Jew, because just being German is enough to rouse the suspicion of the cruel authoritarians running England. These authoritarians include one of Simon’s bosses, Julian Clowde. But Lily doesn’t just fear government officials. The strict headmistress at the school where she teaches is also a threat in Lily’s mind.

As such, Exposure is a frightening novel about a country that’s still reeling from two world wars and fearful that a third might break out with the Soviet Union. Although Lily’s fear is tempered by courage (she attends a peace rally even though it could mean that she is branded a traitor), even so-called friends are potential threats. For example, there is Giles Holloway, an old friend of Simon’s who helped pay his way through Cambridge and also helped pave the way for his career. But at a time when government officials are played off each other, Lily fears that Holloway will betray them, resulting in the deaths of her entire family.

Although nobody in her family is killed, in the end—or rather, the beginning, as the reader learns within the first three pages—Simon is betrayed and is put away on a train by policemen. The fact that the reader learns this first lends an awful sense of dramatic irony to the story. Under different conditions, one might think Lily’s concerns are a symptom of excessive paranoia. But because the reader knows about Simon’s eventual fate, it lends credence to all her fears and, possibly, worse fears yet to be realized.



The critical response to Exposure reached a certain consensus around the fact that the book demystifies the British spy game during the Cold War. The spies in Exposure are a long way off from James Bond, and they’re far removed even from the more muted peddlers of espionage found in John Le Carre’s acclaimed novels. At one point, Lily even says spies are as dull as “ditchwater.”

But according to critics, Exposure itself is anything but dull. As the New York Times notes in its review: "The textures of the times—the daily lighting of fires, the lumpen food and unwieldy domestic appliances—are drawn with poetic sensibility. It all adds up to a richly satisfying story. This may be an unconventional thriller, but it’s still a page turner for that. Ultimately though, the focus is the couple—Lily and Simon—rather than the more usual twists and turns of plot in this genre. As the narrative unfolds we realize that this is the novel’s beating heart: It’s as much a surprising love story as it is a tale of spies."