How does the author’s use of the Gĩcaandĩ Player as a framing device contribute to the novel’s exploration of post-colonial identity and the role of traditional storytelling in modern Kenya?

Analyze the character arc of Warĩĩnga in relation to the broader themes of female empowerment and resistance against patriarchal and neo-colonial oppression in the novel. How is Warĩĩnga’s story typical, and in what ways does it break away from traditional character arcs?

Discuss the role of magical realism in Devil on the Cross. How does this literary technique enhance Ngũgĩ’s commentary on the socio-political realities of Kenya?